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The ongoing research aims to sequence the genomes of all living bird species and has important implications for conservation efforts, particularly for evolutionarily distinct and endangered bird species. Modern bird groups, it turns out, appeared within a small window of 5 million years after the mass extinction of dinosaurs 66 million years ago. The researchers found that these early birds experienced rapid increases in population size, evolution speed and brain size during this time.
“We found that it was more important to sample many genetic sequences from each organism than it was to sample from a broader range of species, although the latter method helped us to date when different groups evolved,” Josefin Stiller, a professor of biology at the University of Copenhagen and lead author of theThe study also identified a new group of birds called Elementaves, which includes birds that are successful on land, in the air and in the water.